Forceps and clamps are key surgical instruments used to grasp, hold, or control tissues and blood vessels during surgery.

Forceps:

• Tissue Forceps: Grasp tissues without causing damage.
• Hemostatic Forceps: Clamp blood vessels or tissues to control bleeding, including Mosquito and Kelly forceps.
• Thumb Forceps: Used for delicate tissue handling, similar to tweezers.

Clamps:

• Hemostats: Clamp blood vessels to stop bleeding, available in different sizes like Kelly and Rochester.
• Bulldog Clamps: Small clamps used to control blood flow in specific areas.
• Bowel Clamps: Clamp sections of the bowel to control flow or prevent leakage.

These instruments are vital for controlling bleeding, manipulating tissues, and ensuring precision during surgery.